.skip-link {
  position: fixed;
  top: 8px;
  left: 8px;
  z-index: 1000;
  padding: 10px 14px;
  border: 1px solid currentColor;
  background: #ffffff;
  color: #111111;
  font: 700 14px/1.2 system-ui, sans-serif;
  text-decoration: none;
  transform: translateY(-160%);
  transition: transform 120ms ease;
}

.skip-link:focus {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.article-hero h1 {
  overflow-wrap: normal;
  word-break: auto-phrase;
}

.line-token {
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.paper-primary-media {
  max-width: 100%;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.paper-primary-media .instagram-media {
  max-width: 100% !important;
}

.paper-primary-media iframe.instagram-media {
  position: static !important;
}

.research-search {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(220px, 0.72fr) minmax(320px, 1.28fr);
  gap: 18px 48px;
  margin: 0 0 82px;
  padding: 30px 0;
  padding-inline: max(0px, calc((100% - 1160px) / 2));
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(143, 220, 255, 0.3);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(143, 220, 255, 0.18);
}

.research-search-copy h2 {
  margin: 8px 0 12px;
  color: #f4f7f8;
  font-size: clamp(29px, 3vw, 44px);
  line-height: 1.08;
}

.research-search-copy > p:last-child {
  max-width: 36rem;
  margin: 0;
  color: rgba(244, 247, 248, 0.66);
  font: 500 14px/1.75 system-ui, sans-serif;
}

.research-search-form {
  align-self: center;
}

.research-search-form > label {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 9px;
  color: rgba(244, 247, 248, 0.78);
  font: 700 12px/1.3 system-ui, sans-serif;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
}

.research-search-field {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) auto;
  gap: 8px;
}

.research-search-input,
.research-search-clear {
  min-height: 48px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(143, 220, 255, 0.34);
  border-radius: 7px;
  background: rgba(2, 4, 7, 0.78);
  color: #f4f7f8;
  font: 600 14px/1.4 system-ui, sans-serif;
}

.research-search-input {
  min-width: 0;
  padding: 11px 14px;
}

.research-search-input::placeholder {
  color: rgba(244, 247, 248, 0.42);
}

.research-search-clear {
  min-width: 66px;
  padding: 8px 13px;
  color: #8fdcff;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.research-search-input:focus-visible,
.research-search-clear:hover,
.research-search-clear:focus-visible {
  border-color: #8fdcff;
  outline: 2px solid rgba(97, 232, 239, 0.2);
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

.research-search-status {
  grid-column: 2;
  min-height: 22px;
  margin: -8px 0 0;
  color: rgba(244, 247, 248, 0.62);
  font: 600 12px/1.5 system-ui, sans-serif;
}

.research-search-unavailable .research-search-status {
  color: #f3bb72;
}

.research-search-results {
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
  display: grid;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 8px 0 0;
  list-style: none;
}

.research-search-results[hidden] {
  display: none;
}

.research-search-results > li {
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(143, 220, 255, 0.16);
}

.research-search-results > li:last-child {
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(143, 220, 255, 0.16);
}

.research-search-results a {
  display: grid;
  gap: 8px;
  min-height: 44px;
  padding: 19px 4px;
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.research-search-results a:hover,
.research-search-results a:focus-visible {
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(97, 232, 239, 0.08), transparent 72%);
  outline: none;
}

.research-search-results h3 {
  margin: 0;
  color: #f4f7f8;
  font-size: clamp(20px, 2vw, 27px);
  line-height: 1.28;
}

.research-search-results p {
  max-width: 72rem;
  margin: 0;
  color: rgba(244, 247, 248, 0.68);
  font: 500 13px/1.65 system-ui, sans-serif;
}

.research-search-result-meta,
.research-search-result-citation {
  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
  color: #8fdcff;
  font: 700 10px/1.5 system-ui, sans-serif;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.research-search-result-citation {
  color: rgba(244, 247, 248, 0.46);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-transform: none;
}

.research-filter-bar {
  display: flex;
  gap: 8px;
  margin: 0 0 26px;
  overflow-x: auto;
  padding: 2px 0 8px;
  scrollbar-width: thin;
}

.research-filter-button {
  min-height: 44px;
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  padding: 9px 13px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(143, 220, 255, 0.34);
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: rgba(2, 4, 7, 0.72);
  color: rgba(244, 247, 248, 0.76);
  font: 600 12px/1.2 system-ui, sans-serif;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.research-filter-button:hover,
.research-filter-button:focus-visible,
.research-filter-button.is-active {
  border-color: #8fdcff;
  color: #ffffff;
  outline: none;
}

.research-filter-button.is-active {
  background: rgba(97, 232, 239, 0.12);
  box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(97, 232, 239, 0.18);
}

.research-filter-count {
  display: inline-grid;
  min-width: 20px;
  min-height: 20px;
  place-items: center;
  margin-left: 7px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  font-size: 11px;
}

.research-list > li[hidden] {
  display: none !important;
}

.research-reading-dock {
  display: none;
}

/* IBOGA.jp short-landscape navigation guard. */
@media (max-height: 540px) and (orientation: landscape) {
  .site-nav {
    box-sizing: border-box;
    max-height: calc(100dvh - 108px);
    overflow-y: auto;
    overscroll-behavior: contain;
    padding-bottom: max(30px, env(safe-area-inset-bottom));
  }
}

@media (max-width: 780px) {
  .research-index-page .medicine-hero {
    padding-top: 64px;
    padding-bottom: 52px;
  }

  .research-index-page .medicine-hero h1 {
    margin-top: 24px;
  }

  .research-index-page .medicine-hero .hero-grid {
    gap: 24px;
    margin-top: 40px;
  }

  .research-index-page .medicine-hero .hero-lede {
    font-size: clamp(18px, 5.6vw, 24px);
    line-height: 1.55;
  }

  .research-index-page .medicine-hero .hero-note {
    line-height: 1.7;
  }

  .research-search {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 20px;
    margin-bottom: 58px;
    padding: 26px 0;
    padding-inline: max(16px, calc((100% - 680px) / 2));
  }

  .research-search-status,
  .research-search-results {
    grid-column: 1;
  }

  .research-search-status {
    margin-top: -10px;
  }

  .research-search-copy h2 {
    font-size: clamp(28px, 9vw, 36px);
  }

  .research-search-input,
  .research-search-clear {
    min-height: 44px;
  }

  .research-search-results a {
    padding: 18px 2px;
  }

  .research-search-results h3,
  .research-search-result-description,
  .research-search-result-citation {
    display: -webkit-box;
    overflow: hidden;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  }

  .research-search-results h3 {
    font-size: clamp(20px, 6.4vw, 25px);
    -webkit-line-clamp: 4;
  }

  .research-search-result-description {
    -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
  }

  .research-search-result-citation {
    -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
  }

  .medicine-grid .medicine-card {
    min-height: 232px;
    padding-top: 30px;
    padding-bottom: 30px;
  }

  .research-list > li > a {
    padding-top: 28px;
    padding-bottom: 28px;
  }

  .research-list .entry-flags {
    margin-bottom: 13px;
  }

  .research-list .original-title,
  .research-list .entry-description {
    display: -webkit-box;
    overflow: hidden;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  }

  .research-list .entry-copy h3 {
    font-size: clamp(26px, 7.4vw, 31px);
    line-height: 1.22;
  }

  .research-list .original-title {
    -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
  }

  .research-list .entry-description {
    margin-top: 14px;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
  }

  .research-list .citation {
    display: none;
  }

  .research-shell .eyebrow,
  .research-shell .entry-flags,
  .research-shell .medicine-number,
  .research-shell .medicine-english,
  .research-shell .medicine-status,
  .research-shell .article-kicker,
  .research-shell .article-meta dt,
  .research-shell .site-footer {
    font-size: 11px;
  }

  .research-shell .article-kicker a,
  .research-shell .site-footer a {
    display: inline-flex;
    min-height: 44px;
    align-items: center;
  }

  .research-filter-bar {
    width: calc(100% + 20px);
    margin-right: -20px;
    scroll-padding-inline: 2px 20px;
    overscroll-behavior-inline: contain;
  }

  .research-reading-dock {
    position: fixed;
    right: 10px;
    bottom: max(10px, env(safe-area-inset-bottom));
    left: 10px;
    z-index: 900;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 44px minmax(0, 1fr) 44px 44px;
    gap: 5px;
    padding: 5px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(143, 220, 255, 0.34);
    border-radius: 10px;
    background: rgba(2, 4, 7, 0.94);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 34px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.38);
    backdrop-filter: blur(14px);
  }

  .research-reading-step,
  .research-reading-menu > summary {
    min-height: 44px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(143, 220, 255, 0.22);
    border-radius: 7px;
    color: #f4f7f8;
    text-decoration: none;
  }

  .research-reading-step {
    display: grid;
    place-items: center;
    font: 700 17px/1 system-ui, sans-serif;
  }

  .research-reading-step:hover,
  .research-reading-step:focus-visible,
  .research-reading-menu > summary:hover,
  .research-reading-menu > summary:focus-visible {
    border-color: #8fdcff;
    outline: none;
  }

  .research-reading-step.is-disabled {
    opacity: 0.28;
  }

  .research-reading-menu {
    position: relative;
    min-width: 0;
  }

  .research-reading-menu > summary {
    display: flex;
    min-width: 0;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    padding: 0 10px;
    cursor: pointer;
    list-style: none;
  }

  .research-reading-menu > summary::-webkit-details-marker {
    display: none;
  }

  .research-reading-summary-label {
    color: #8fdcff;
    font: 700 10px/1 system-ui, sans-serif;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
  }

  .research-reading-current {
    min-width: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    color: rgba(244, 247, 248, 0.82);
    font: 600 11px/1.2 system-ui, sans-serif;
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
    white-space: nowrap;
  }

  .research-reading-panel {
    position: absolute;
    right: -93px;
    bottom: calc(100% + 11px);
    left: -49px;
    max-height: min(62vh, 480px);
    overflow-y: auto;
    padding: 8px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(143, 220, 255, 0.34);
    border-radius: 10px;
    background: rgba(2, 4, 7, 0.98);
    box-shadow: 0 16px 44px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
  }

  .research-reading-panel ol {
    display: grid;
    gap: 2px;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
  }

  .research-reading-panel a {
    display: flex;
    min-height: 44px;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 8px 10px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    color: rgba(244, 247, 248, 0.78);
    font: 600 12px/1.4 system-ui, sans-serif;
    text-decoration: none;
  }

  .research-reading-panel a:hover,
  .research-reading-panel a:focus-visible,
  .research-reading-panel a[aria-current="location"] {
    background: rgba(97, 232, 239, 0.11);
    color: #ffffff;
    outline: none;
  }

  .research-article-page .site-footer {
    padding-bottom: calc(96px + env(safe-area-inset-bottom));
  }
}

@media (max-width: 390px) {
  .article-hero h1 {
    font-size: clamp(28px, 8.5vw, 34px);
  }

  .entry-copy h3 {
    font-size: 26px;
  }

  .medicine-card h3 {
    font-size: 28px;
  }

  .research-search {
    padding-inline: 12px;
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .skip-link {
    transition: none;
  }
}