IBOGA.jp / Research

MEDICINE RESEARCH / IBOGA / IBOGAINE

IBOGA
Library

Clinical observations, safety, mechanisms, and related compounds—organized with direct routes to the original iboga and ibogaine research.

Human findings are separated from animal, cellular, and related-compound studies. Each resource states its limitations and reuse terms.

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Before reading the iboga research

Iboga as a plant

Here, iboga refers to Tabernanthe iboga, an accepted shrub or tree species native from west-central tropical Africa to Angola. Kew records it in Gabon, Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and neighboring parts of the range. This library keeps the plant separate from research on isolated compounds found in it.

Iboga, ibogaine, and noribogaine

Iboga
The plant Tabernanthe iboga and its wider botanical and cultural context.
Ibogaine
One indole alkaloid found in iboga. Research often studies it as an isolated compound, so it is not interchangeable with the whole plant.
Noribogaine
The principal, longer-lived metabolite of ibogaine. It is related to ibogaine but is not the same compound.

Do not read every finding as equal evidence

This collection includes human observational studies, case series, animal and cell studies, and perspective articles. Different designs support different kinds of conclusions. A 2023 systematic review concluded that efficacy and toxicity remained unclear and that further study was needed. Read each page’s population, design, limitations, and safety information with the original source.

View the 10 resources ↓

CURATED READING ORDER

Iboga / Ibogaine resources

10 papers
  1. 01
    Systematic reviewSource-aligned translation

    Ibogaine/Noribogaine in the Treatment of Substance Use Disorders: A Systematic Review of the Current Literature

    Ibogaine/Noribogaine in the Treatment of Substance Use Disorders: A Systematic Review of the Current Literature

    A source-aligned translation of a review that systematically examined the clinical literature on ibogaine and noribogaine for substance use disorders, including signals of efficacy and safety concerns such as cardiotoxicity.

    Alessio Mosca, Stefania Chiappini, Andrea Miuli, Gianluca Mancusi, Maria Chiara Santovito, Francesco Di Carlo, Mauro Pettorruso, John M. Corkery, Carlos Canessa, Giovanni Martinotti, Massimo Di Giannantonio · Current Neuropharmacology · 2023

  2. 02
    Observational study / Prospective studySource-aligned translation

    Magnesium–Ibogaine Therapy in Veterans with Traumatic Brain Injuries

    Magnesium–ibogaine therapy in veterans with traumatic brain injuries

    A source-aligned translation of a prospective observational study that followed 30 special operations veterans, primarily with mild traumatic brain injury, and assessed changes in functioning, psychiatric symptoms, cognition, and safety.

    Kirsten N. Cherian, Jackob N. Keynan, Lauren Anker, Afik Faerman, Randi E. Brown, Ahmed Shamma, Or Keynan, John P. Coetzee, Jean-Marie Batail, Angela Phillips, Nicholas J. Bassano, Gregory L. Sahlem, Jose Inzunza, Trevor Millar, Jonathan Dickinson, C. E. Rolle, Jennifer Keller, Maheen Adamson, Ian H. Kratter, Nolan R. Williams · Nature Medicine · 2024

  3. 03
    Descriptive open-label observational studyDetailed introduction

    Safety of Ibogaine Administration in the Detoxification of Opioid-Dependent Individuals: A Descriptive Open-Label Observational Study

    Safety of ibogaine administration in detoxification of opioid-dependent individuals: a descriptive open-label observational study

    A detailed introduction to a safety study that administered a single dose of ibogaine to 14 people receiving opioid maintenance therapy and observed QTc, heart rate, ataxia, psychiatric symptoms, and withdrawal for at least 24 hours.

    Thomas Knuijver, Arnt Schellekens, Maarten Belgers, Rogier Donders, Toon van Oosteren, Kees Kramers, Robbert Verkes · Addiction · 2022

  4. 04
    Clinical observational studySource-aligned translation

    Ibogaine Detoxification as a Transition from Opioid and Cocaine Dependence to Abstinence: Clinical Observations and Outcomes

    Ibogaine Detoxification Transitions Opioid and Cocaine Abusers Between Dependence and Abstinence: Clinical Observations and Treatment Outcomes

    A source-aligned translation of a clinical observational study examining withdrawal, craving, mood, pharmacokinetics, and safety in records from 191 people who received ibogaine under medical supervision.

    Deborah C. Mash, Liberty Duque, Benjamin Page, Kamlet Allen-Ferdinand · Frontiers in Pharmacology · 2018

  5. 05
    Retrospective observational studyDetailed introduction

    Ibogaine for Opioid Use Disorder: Detoxification and Drug-Use Outcomes

    Treatment of opioid use disorder with ibogaine: detoxification and drug use outcomes

    A detailed introduction, limited to the public abstract, to a retrospective observational study of withdrawal scores and self-reported outcomes through 12 months among 30 people with opioid dependence.

    Thomas Kingsley Brown, Kenneth Alper · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse · 2018

  6. 06
    12-month follow-up observational studyDetailed introduction

    Twelve-Month Observational Outcomes after Ibogaine Treatment for Opioid Dependence

    Ibogaine treatment outcomes for opioid dependence from a twelve-month follow-up observational study

    A detailed introduction, within the limits of the public abstract, to an observational study that followed 14 people after ibogaine treatment in New Zealand and assessed addiction severity, depression, and withdrawal over 12 months.

    Geoffrey E. Noller, Chris M. Frampton, Berra Yazar-Klosinski · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse · 2018

  7. 07
    Case series / Fatality reviewDetailed introduction

    Fatalities Temporally Associated with Ibogaine Ingestion: A Case Series from 1990–2008

    Fatalities temporally associated with the ingestion of ibogaine

    A detailed introduction to a forensic review of 19 reported deaths after ibogaine ingestion, examining temporal association, comorbidities, co-used substances, and the limits of causal inference.

    Kenneth R. Alper, Marina Stajić, James R. Gill · Journal of Forensic Sciences · 2012

  8. 08
    Preclinical animal and cell studyDetailed introduction

    GDNF Mediates Ibogaine-Associated Reductions in Alcohol Consumption: Animal and Cell Research

    Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor mediates the desirable actions of the anti-addiction drug ibogaine against alcohol consumption

    A detailed introduction to preclinical work in rats, mice, and cultured cells examining reduced alcohol consumption after ibogaine and the possible involvement of midbrain GDNF pathways.

    Dao-Yao He, Nancy N. H. McGough, Ajay Ravindranathan, Jerome Jeanblanc, Marian L. Logrip, Khanhky Phamluong, Patricia H. Janak, Dorit Ron · The Journal of Neuroscience · 2005

  9. 09
    Preclinical compound studyDetailed introduction

    Preclinical Evaluation of Tabernanthalog, a Non-Hallucinogenic Psychedelic Analogue

    A non-hallucinogenic psychedelic analogue with therapeutic potential

    A detailed introduction to preclinical research on tabernanthalog, a distinct compound inspired by ibogaine, examining neuroplasticity, animal behavior, receptor activity, and early safety indicators.

    Lindsay P. Cameron, Robert J. Tombari, Ju Lu, Alexander J. Pell, Zefan Q. Hurley, Yann Ehinger, Maxemiliano V. Vargas, Matthew N. McCarroll, Julia C. Taylor, Daniel Myers-Turnbull, Tianqing Liu, Bahareh Yaghoobi, Lindsey J. Laskowski, Eliza I. Anderson, Guangzhen Zhang, Jayashri Viswanathan, Brandon M. Brown, Matthew Tjia, Lee E. Dunlap, Zachary T. Rabow, Oliver Fiehn, Heike Wulff, John D. McCorvy, Pamela J. Lein, David Kokel, Dorit Ron, Jamie Peters, Yi Zuo, David E. Olson · Nature · 2021

  10. 10
    Perspective / Narrative reviewSource-aligned translation

    Neurorestorative Properties of Ibogaine: Linking Multi-Receptor Affinities to Remyelination and Metabolic Restoration

    Neurorestorative properties of ibogaine: linking multi-receptor affinities to remyelination and metabolic restoration

    A 2026 perspective examining, through clinical observations and preclinical research, the hypothesis that ibogaine’s activity at multiple receptors may connect to remyelination, metabolic homeostasis, and white-matter repair.

    Tanya Calvey, Demi Govender, Gavin R. Owen, Nancy Tumba, Dirk Lang, Bernard Lerer, Dan J. Stein, Steven Shoptaw · Acta Neuropsychiatrica · 2026